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Review Article
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| Brainstem vascular syndromes: A practical guide for medical students | ||||||
| Joshua A. Cuoco1, Kyle Hitscherich2, Christopher L. Hoehmann3 | ||||||
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1MS, Third year medical student, Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA.
2BA, Third year medical student, Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA. 3BS, Third year medical student, Department of Anatomy, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA. | ||||||
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| How to cite this article |
| Cuoco JA, Hitscherich K, Hoehmann CL. Brainstem vascular syndromes: A practical guide for medical students. Edorium J Neurol 2016;3:4–16. |
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Abstract
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Current research has indicated an apparent pandemic of fear of the neural sciences, termed neurophobia, among medical students across the world. While the cause of this fear may be multifactorial, we seek to directly address the phenomenon of neurophobia in part by providing medical students as well as healthcare professionals a simplified approach to one of the most challenging topics in neurology; brainstem vascular syndromes. This article will provide an overview of the causes of the various brainstem vascular syndromes emphasizing a simple approach for localizing the artery affected. The rule of 4 is discussed and then applied to each of the brainstem vascular syndromes highlighting the distinguishing features of each specific syndrome. With an abundance of easy to understand illustrations and pictorials, we emphasize the clinical symptomatology, differentiating characteristics, and pertinent neuroanatomy of each brainstem vascular syndrome.
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Keywords:
Brainstem, Medical education, Stroke, Vascular syndromes
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Author Contributions
Joshua A. Cuoco – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published Kyle Hitscherich – Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published Christopher L. Hoehmann – Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published |
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Guarantor of submission
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission. |
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Source of support
None |
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Conflict of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest. |
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Copyright
© 2016 Joshua A. Cuoco et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information. |
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